By hmimcu 
First, what is MCU?
Mcu is actually a microcontroller, it is the abbreviation of the English Microcontroller Unit, Chinese name is microcontroller.
At this time, many people may have to ask again: what is a microcontroller? touch screen lcm
The microcontroller is simply a chip that can be used to make intelligent electronic products, see the following figure.
There is a 90% chance that you will have access to products developed based on the chip of a microcontroller.
For example, the rice cooker, induction cooker, microwave oven, air conditioner, and washing machine inside the home are actually implemented using a single-chip microcomputer with different circuits.
In addition, combined with the Internet of Things, the things that single-chip machines can do are also more high-end, such as smart homes, smart parking lots, smart agriculture, and so on.
That microcontroller is just a chip, why can you do so many things, or distributed in different industries.
The key is its programmable features.
Programmable means that we can download it to the microcontroller by writing C language or assembly program.
Let it control the circuit according to our program logic.
In this way, the flexibility is very high, and we can completely make some interesting products according to our own ideas and entrepreneurship, combined with microcontrollers.
But this is also a prerequisite, that is, the corresponding hardware circuits must also be designed.
The single-chip microcomputer is mainly responsible for control, and the circuit is the implementation of specific functions.
For example, I want to make the lights in my home smarter and let them turn on automatically at night.
First of all, we need several circuit modules on the circuit:
1. Microcontroller minimum system
Microcontrollers are sometimes a bit like people, and if people want to operate normally, they must first fill their stomachs.
For the single-chip microcomputer to operate, it also needs some preconditions, such as power supply, reset circuit, crystal oscillator circuit.
The composition of these circuits is called the minimum system, which is the basis for enabling the microcontroller to operate the program normally.
2. Circuit to detect light
The output of the above circuit is the pin of the chip of the microcontroller, and the pin of the connection must be a universal IO port, which cannot be randomly connected.
The photoresistor detects different brightnesses and outputs different signals.
When we write the program, we judge the signal of this output port to judge the current ambient light.
3. Relay control circuit
The P3.0 of the above circuit is the pin of the microcontroller chip, and we can control the purpose of controlling the relay by writing a program to control the output signal of this pin.
The relay is connected to 220V and the lights in our home, and when we control the relay to suck, the lights at home will be turned on.
If you can’t understand the above, it’s normal.
Because to do this, you still need a lot of knowledge to lay the groundwork.
If you are interested in microcontrollers, you can find Endless Microcontroller Programming to learn.
Second, what is the difference between MCU and ordinary chips?
There are many kinds of chips on the market, thousands of them.
The biggest difference between MCU and ordinary chips is the difference between whether you can write program control.
There is also the fact that everyone’s respective functions and application areas are different, and there is no comparison together.